1. [n]  excess bodily weight; "she found fatness disgusting in herself as well as in others"
2. [n]  a kind of body tissue containing stored fat that serves as a source of energy; adipose tissue also cushions and insulates vital organs; "fatty tissue protected them from the severe cold"
3. [n]  a soft greasy substance occurring in organic tissue and consisting of a mixture of lipids (mostly triglycerides); "pizza has too much fat"
4. [adj]  a chubby body; "the boy had a rounded face and fat cheeks"
5. [adj]  having much flesh (especially fat); "he hadn't remembered how fat she was"
6. [adj]  containing or composed of fat; "fatty food"; "fat tissue"
7. [adj]  marked by great fruitfulness; "fertile farmland"; "a fat land"; "a productive vineyard"; "rich soil"
8. [adj]  (informal) lucrative; "a juicy contract"; "a nice fat job"
9. [adj]  having a relatively large diameter; "a fat rope"
10. [v]  make fat or plump; "We will plump out that poor starving child"

1. \Fat\, n. [See {Vat}, n.]
   1. A large tub, cistern, or vessel; a vat. [Obs.]
   
            The fats shall overflow with wine and oil. --Joel
                                                  ii. 24.
   
   2. A measure of quantity, differing for different
      commodities. [Obs.] --Hebert.
   
   

2. \Fat\, a. [Compar. {Fatter}; superl. {Fattest}.] [AS.
   f[=ae]tt; akin to D. vet, G. fett, feist, Icel. feitr, Sw.
   fet, Dan. fed, and perh. to Gr. pi^dax spring, fountain,
   pidy`ein to gush forth, pi`wn fat, Skr. pi to swell.]
   1. Abounding with fat; as:
      (a) Fleshy; characterized by fatness; plump; corpulent;
          not lean; as, a fat man; a fat ox.
      (b) Oily; greasy; unctuous; rich; -- said of food.
   
   2. Exhibiting the qualities of a fat animal; coarse; heavy;
      gross; dull; stupid.
   
            Making our western wits fat and mean. --Emerson.
   
            Make the heart of this people fat.    --Is. vi. 10.
   
   3. Fertile; productive; as, a fat soil; a fat pasture.
   
   4. Rich; producing a large income; desirable; as, a fat
      benefice; a fat office; a fat job.
   
            Now parson of Troston, a fat living in Suffolk.
                                                  --Carlyle.
   
   5. Abounding in riches; affluent; fortunate. [Obs.]
   
            Persons grown fat and wealthy by long impostures.
                                                  --Swift.
   
   6. (Typog.) Of a character which enables the compositor to
      make large wages; -- said of matter containing blank,
      cuts, or many leads, etc.; as, a fat take; a fat page.
   
   {Fat lute}, a mixture of pipe clay and oil for filling
      joints.
   
   

3. \Fat\, n.
   1. (Physiol. Chem.) An oily liquid or greasy substance making
      up the main bulk of the adipose tissue of animals, and
      widely distributed in the seeds of plants. See {Adipose
      tissue}, under {Adipose}.
   
   Note: Animal fats are composed mainly of three distinct fats,
         tristearin, tripalmitin, and triolein, mixed in varying
         proportions. As olein is liquid at ordinary
         temperatures, while the other two fats are solid, it
         follows that the consistency or hardness of fats
         depends upon the relative proportion of the three
         individual fats. During the life of an animal, the fat
         is mainly in a liquid state in the fat cells, owing to
         the solubility of the two solid fats in the more liquid
         olein at the body temperature. Chemically, fats are
         composed of fatty acid, as stearic, palmitic, oleic,
         etc., united with glyceryl. In butter fat, olein and
         palmitin predominate, mixed with another fat
         characteristic of butter, butyrin. In the vegetable
         kingdom many other fats or glycerides are to be found,
         as myristin from nutmegs, a glyceride of lauric acid in
         the fat of the bay tree, etc.
   
   2. The best or richest productions; the best part; as, to
      live on the fat of the land.
   
   3. (Typog.) Work. containing much blank, or its equivalent,
      and, therefore, profitable to the compositor.
   
   {Fat acid}. (Chem.) See {Sebacic acid}, under {Sebacic}.
   
   {Fat series}, {Fatty series} (Chem.), the series of the
      paraffine hydrocarbons and their derivatives; the marsh
      gas or methane series.
   
   {Natural fats} (Chem.), the group of oily substances of
      natural occurrence, as butter, lard, tallow, etc., as
      distinguished from certain fatlike substance of artificial
      production, as paraffin. Most natural fats are essentially
      mixtures of triglycerides of fatty acids.
   
   

4. \Fat\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Fatted}; p. pr. & vb. n.
   {atting}.] [OE. fatten, AS. f[=ae]ttian. See {Fat}, a., and
   cf. {Fatten}.]
   To make fat; to fatten; to make plump and fleshy with
   abundant food; as, to fat fowls or sheep.
   
         We fat all creatures else to fat us.     --Shak.
   
   

5. \Fat\, v. i.
   To grow fat, plump, and fleshy.
   
         An old ox fats as well, and is as good, as a young one.
                                                  --Mortimer.
   
   

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(Heb. heleb) denotes the richest part of the animal, or the fattest of the flock, in the account of Abel's sacrifice (Gen. 4:4). It sometimes denotes the best of any production (Gen. 45:18; Num. 18:12; Ps. 81:16; 147:47). The fat of sacrifices was to be burned (Lev. 3:9-11; 4:8; 7:3; 8:25; Num. 18:17. Comp. Ex. 29:13-22; Lev. 3:3-5).

It is used figuratively for a dull, stupid state of mind (Ps 17:10).

In Joel 2:24 the word is equivalent to "vat," a vessel. The hebrew word here thus rendered is elsewhere rendered "wine-fat" and "press-fat" (Hag. 2:16; Isa. 63:2).